Gasolene-engine.



W. B. HASKELL.

GASOLENE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 13,130.22, 1911.

E Patented June 10, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. E. HASKELL.

GASOLBNE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DB0. 2z, 1911.

1,064,476. Patented June 10,1913.

' 2. i g 3 SHEETS SHEET CYLINDER W. E. HASKELL.

GASOLENE ENGINE.

APPLICATION I-"ILBD DEo.z2,1911.

1,064,476., Patented June 10, 1913.

3 SHEETS- SHEET 3.

ORDER OF' FRING |54: 2 s 6 a 3a 5 VALVE 6 VALVE 5 WILLAM E. HASKELL, OFBRATTLEBORO, VERMONT.

GASOLENE-ENGINE.

Lasarte.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June t6, 1913.

Applicationle'd December 22, 1911. Serial No. 667,279.

To all whom it may conce/rn Be it known kthat I, VILIJAM E. HASKELL, acitizen of the United States, residing at Brattleboro, in the county ofiVindham and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in GasoleneEngines; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswilll enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains t0 makeand use the same. Y

rihe present invention relates to an irnprovement in gasolene engines.

One object of the invention is to reorganize and improve the valvemechanism of gasolene engines.

Another object is to produce a valve mechanism which is particularlyadapted for use in multiple cylinder gasolene engines. l

To the above ends, the present invention consists in the gasolcne enginehereinafter describedy and particularly defined in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrat'` ying the preferred form of theinvent-ion, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the valve casingsmounted upon the top of a cylinder; Fig. 2 is a medial sectionalelevation of a valve, valve casing and the upper end of a cylinder; Fig.3 is a medial sectional elevation takenat right angles to the plane ofthe section illustrated 1n Fig. 2;

and Figs. *4, 5, 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating the positions of thevalve at different times in the cycle of operation of the engine; Fig. 8is an isometric sketch showing a part of the cylinders of the' engineand the Valve shaft with the valves thereon, the housings being removed.y

The illustrated embodiment of the inven-I tion is described as followsz-The cylinder 1 of the engine is of usual form and is surmounted by avalve housing.' The housing is tripartite, having two side sections anda middle section. 'The valve 2 is a disk valve, cylindrical in form,with a segmental opening formed therein. 3 and 4 are similar in form,right and left hand, and embrace between them the middle section 5,which is provided with a cylindrical valve opening extending entirelytherethrough which receivesthe valve 2. The valve shown in the drawingsis intended'for use in a six-cylinder engine and is driven by v ahexagonal valve shaft 6 which is received The two side sect-ions in ahexagonal opening inthe center of the valve. The middle section isprovided upon opposite sides with peripheral inlet and exhaust openings,through which the incoming mixture is introduced into the engine andthrough which the -burnt gases are exhausted, respectively. The inletport 7 is generally rectangular in shape, and closed and opened by theValve 9. which revolves in close contact therewith; the exhaust port 8is of the'sam-e shape. The sections 3 and 4 have passages to convey themixture into the cylinder and to convey the burnt gases therefrom. Thepassage 9 from the valve chamber to the cylinder' 1s shown V1n sectlonin Fig. l. rl`his passage is double, each side section being providedwith a passage 9. Each `passage 9 is provided witlf two ports openinginto the sides of the valve chamber. These ports are indicated at 10 and11 in Fig. Q. They are segmental in form and substantially identical insize with the opening L2 in the valve. These passages 9 lead, as showninFig. 3, to the cylinder.

A description of the mode of operation of the valve is convenientlygiven byv referring to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein the ports 10 and 1lare shown and the valve opening 12 is sho-wn in the different positionsin which the parts occupy at successive stages in the operation. It isto be noted that in Fig. 4 the valve occupies a position with theopening therein at. the top. This is the position of the valve at thebeginning of the working stroke.- It is to be'understood that the valverotates once to each two rotations of the crank shaft. During th/e,lworking stroke the valve moves from the position indicated in Fig. 4to-theposition indicated in Fig. 5, at which time ,the working strokeends, the

est

exhaust port 11 'having begun to open before the completionl of theworking stroke, in accordance with the common practice. It will beobserved that. during the working stroke and whilea high pressure existsin the engine cylinder, this pressure is exerted upon the oppositeaxially opposed sides of the valveff'through equal and opposed areas, sothat the valve is perfectly balanced not only by equal and oppositepressures, but by pressures which are exerted in exactly oppositedirections, so that there are no unbalanced strains exerted upon thevalve. The exhaust continues until the piston has again teached the topof the cylinder' at which time the valve occupies the position indicatedin i Fig. G.Y The closing of the exhaust andthe` opening of `the intakeoccur' simultaneously, as the edges of the exhaust and inlet portscorrespond line for line .with the edges of the valve opening. Theintake begins and .continues during the next down stroke ofy ment of thevalve slightly beyond the position indicated in Fig. 7, compressionbegins and continues throughout the rest of the up stroke of the pistonuntil the piston reaches the top of its stroke, then the valve againoccupies the position indicated in Fig. 4. It

' is to be noted that during .this compressionv stroke, as during theWorking stroke, the' pressures upon thefopposite side lof the valve diskare equal, opposite,` and completely balanced. Provision is made forWaterjacketingthe valve, the spacesl 13 being waterjacket spaces. A

The valve is truly cylindrical in form and ,the valve opening extendsfrom side to side completely 'through the valve and completely throughits exterior, so `thatthe valve isla true cylinder with Va/sectorremoved'- (except for thevery point of thel sector). The edges ofthevalve opening, moving as y they do around in the valve chamber, Willprevent any accumulation of soot or solid carbonaceous matter upon theWalls of-the valve chamber so as toI cause the valve to seize Theseedges not only scrape the entire side Walls of the valve ychamber, butthey also scrape it-s peripheral Wall as well. The valve is efficientlycooled by the water-y jacketing. As indicated in-Fio. 3, provision ismade for admitting oil to the valve chamber so as thereby to secureeiiicient lubrication of the valve. It is to be observed that theexpansion and contraction of the Vvalve and its housing in the directionofthe axis of the valve, are the same at all times. There is, therefore,always thesame fit between the valve and the sides of the housing.`VThis fit secures theclosing of the enf gine cylinder becauseit securesthe closing of'the ports 10 and 11 in the passages 9 'Whichlead to thecylinder. v Any lack of fit on the periphery of the valve is immaterialto the tightness of the cylinder. The construction lends itself-Withyexceptional facility to multiple cylinder engines, because a singlevalve shaft may extend through all of the valves of a multiple cylinderen ine. The valves are all identically alike, the exagonal openingstherein .being located in the same position in each with relation 'tothe segmental opening. The yproper timing of the valve foreach cylinder1s secured by putting it on the hexagonal shaft in its proper positionfor that cylinder. Fig. 8

.valve l being in the positlon which it occupies at the beginning of a.Workingstroke *As the valve shaft is turned `during this strokethroughan arc of 60, the opening vin valve 4 is brought tothevtopand'into the position of the valve at the beginning of the workingstroke of its cylinder.` A further 4motion of 60 brings the vvalve 2 tothe beginning of the Working stroke for its cylinder, and so on in theorder shown until a complete revolution of the valve shaft hassuccessivelybrought all the valves on the shaft into firing positionsand restored valve 1 to its original position. It is to ybe observedthat, 1n general, the shaft is ay regular polygon, the number of whosesides 1s an integral multiple of the number. of cylinders. For example,a square shaft is adapted 'for use With a 1, 2 or 4;. cylinder engine;

a hexagonal shaft is adapted for a l, 2, 3 or 6 cylinder engine; While apenta onal shaft is adapted for a 1 or 5 cylin er engine. The valvehousing, With its valve, maybe .assen'ibled in one structure, and placedo-n the engine as an integral part. This contributes to facility inassembling and taking do-wn the engine. The valve housings with theirvalves are identical in structure and interchangeable each for each.This contributes to economy of manufacture. The valve Ais nicelysupported by its chamber; the valve shaft does not need any bearing, norany stuffing boxes', and because of these facts, it does not need anylubrication. The large area of the valvel engaging the .Walls of thevalve chamber and the large areas of the shaft engaging the valve securegood wearing conditions. The valve openings and/the ports, are large andcon, tribute to the free` and rapid flow of the mixture and exhaust. Asindicated in Fig. 1, the spark plug is Alocated in t-he passage 9 andinasmuch as there are four similar surfaces adapted toV receive sparkplugs, the side sect'ons are ada ted for use on either sideIang/provision' is ad for the use of two spark p ugs each located in 'aninlet passage completely scavenged'of burnt gases.

IAnother feature of advantage incident to the present constructionresides in the fact that only a small area ofthe valve is ex-v posed atone time to the heat of t-he burning gases; furthermore, to Whateverextent one part of the valve is exposed to thehot gases, toapproximately the same extent all of the parts of the valve aresimilarly exposed, so

'i be seen that the areas of the ports 10 and 11 will heat the portionof the valve extending from the upper edge of the inlet port to'` theright hand edge ot the opening in the valve, and that the portion of thevalve between the left hand edge of -the opening therein and the upperedge of the inlet port will be heated by the outward iow ot the exhaustgases.

While the present invention is hereby described and claimed 4as animprovement in gasolene engines, is to be understood that it is notintended thereby to exclude from the purview of the invention other.terms ot' internal combustion engines with which the invention isadapted for use.`

So tar as I am informed of the state of the art, I believe it to bebroadly new to provide a gasolene engine with a balanced rotary valve,as I believe I am the irst to produce a rotary valve for use inconnection with gaso-lene engines in which the valve is not subjected tounbalanced pressures during the explosion and compression.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is l. A gasoleneengine having, in combination, a single rotary valve, a valve housingembracing the valve and having inlet and exhaust passages for leadingthe mixture from the intake to the valve space and from the valve spaceto the exhaust and passages from the cylinder to the valve space openingupon axially opposite sides of the valve so as thereby to counterbalanceeach other and to relieve the valve from unbalanced pressures duringexplosion, substantially as described.

2. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a -valvehousing on the cylinder, a single rotary valve mounted in the valvehousing and provided with an opening therein, inlet and exhaust ports inthe valve housing, and passages from the valve space to thecylinderopening into the valve space upon axially opposite sides of thevalve and being of equal counterbalancing areas, substantially asdescribed.

3. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, avalve housingon the cylinder, a rotary valve in the valve housing provided with asector-shaped opening therein, inlet and exhaust ports in the-housingopening on the periphery of the valve, passageways in the valve housingto the cylinder having ports opening upon axially opposite sides of thevalve and being of equal area, substantially as described.

4. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a valve housingprovided with a cylindrical valve chamber, a rotary disk valve mountedin and tting said chamber provided with a sector-shaped valve opening,said housing being provided with peripheral ports opening into saidvalve chamber and With passages leading to'the cylinder and havingequal, axially opposed, lateral ports also opening into said valvechamber,'substantially as described.

5. A gasoleneengine having, in coinbination, a cylinder, a rotary valve,a valve housing provided with a cylindrical valve chamber and with inletand exhaustl passages having ports opening into the periphery of saidvalve chamber anda-lso with passages leading to the cylinder and havingequal and axially opposed ports opening into the sides of the valvechamber, substantially as described.

6. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a rotary valve,a valve housing having a cylindrical valve chamber and provided withinletand exhaust passages having ports opening into the periphery of thevalve chamber and also with passages leading from the cylinder havingequal and. opposed'ports opening into the sides of the valve chamber,said ports being four in number, two being used during intake and twobeing used during exhaust, and all four being closed during explosion,substantially as described.

7. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, avalve housingprovided with a cylindrical valve chamber and with inlet and exhaustpassages having ports opening into the 'periphery of said valve chamberand also with passages leading to the cylinder, andvhaving equal andopposed ports opening into the sides of the valve chamber, said housingconsisting of three sections, a middle section of the thickness ot thevalve and two side sections embracing the ends of the disk valve,substantially as described.

8. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a rotary valve,a multiplepart valve housing provided With-a cylindrical valve chamberand withinlet and exhaust passages having ports opening into theperiphery of said valve chamber and also with passages leading to thecylinder and having equal and axially opposed ports opening into thesides of the valve chamber, substantially as described.

9. A gasolencengine having, in combina-l polygon of cross sectiony ofthe shaft and the cylinders eorrespo dii'igly timed in firing,

substantially as described. y 10, A gasolene engine having, incombination, a plurality ofcylinders, a correspond- 4polygonal valveshaft fitting said openings in the valves, so that the valves may be seton the shaft angularly spaced With relation vto each other by the angle,or. multiple thereof, which is lsubtended by one of the sides of theregular polygon of cross section ofthe shaft and the cylinderscorrespmd-- ingly timed in firing, substantially as de-l scribed.

11. A -cylinder gasolene engine having, in combination, cylinders,rotary valves having .regular hexagonal central openings, a hexagonalvalve; shaft fitting said openings in the valves, and valve housingsembracing the valves, so that the valves may be set on the shaftangularly spaced With relation to each other by an angle of 60", or amultiple thereof, and the cylinders correspondingly timed in tiring,substantiallyy as described.

1Q. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a valvehousing on the cylinder, a rotary valve in the valve housing providedwith a sector-shaped opening therein, inlet and exhaust ports in thehousing opening on the periphery of the valve, passageways in the valvehousing to the cylinlheeey/e der having ports opening upon axiallyopposite sides of the valve space, said passageways being symmetricallydisposed and proi vided with spark plug bosses, substantially asdescribed.

1.8. A gasolene engine having, in combination, a cylinder, a rotaryvalve, a valve hous- 'ing embracing the valve having inlet and spondingto the number of cylinders, and a valve shaft 'having correspondingregular polygonal surfaces adapted to engage the respective valves, saidsurfaces lying in the surfaces of the samel prism, so that the valvesmay beset on the shaft angularly spaced with relation to .each other bythe angle, or multiple thereof, which is subtended by 'one of thevsidesof the polygon of cross section of the shaft and the cylinderscorrespondingly timed in firing, substantially as described.

WILLIAM E. HASKELL.

Witnesses:

HORACE VAN EVEREN, GEORGE E. STEBBINS.

